GNU Debugger

GDB (the GNU Debugger) is the standard debugger for the GNU software system, originally written by Richard Stallman in 1986. GDB allows programmers to see what is going on inside another program while it executes, or what another program was doing at the moment it crashed. With over 30 years of continuous development, GDB supports debugging programs written in C, C++, Fortran, Go, Ada, Pascal, Rust, D, Modula-2, Modula-3, OpenCL C, and assembly language, targeting over 40 CPU architectures including x86, x86-64, ARM, AArch64, MIPS, PowerPC, SPARC, RISC-V, s390x, and many embedded processors. Key features include: breakpoints (line breakpoints, function breakpoints, conditional breakpoints, hardware breakpoints, and watchpoints for monitoring variable changes), step execution (step into, next over, step out, continue, and reverse debugging for stepping backward through execution), variable inspection and modification (printing values, setting variables, and examining memory), call stack examination (backtrace, frame selection, and local variable display), multi-threaded debugging (listing threads, switching between threads, and thread-specific breakpoints), remote debugging (via GDB serial protocol or GDBserver, enabling debugging on embedded devices and remote machines), core file analysis (loading and analyzing post-mortem crash data), disassembly and instruction-level stepping, expression evaluation with C-like syntax, scripting via Python and Guile for automated debugging sessions, pretty-printers for displaying complex data structures in readable formats, dynamic printf (dprintf) for adding logging without modifying source code, catchpoints for intercepting system calls, signals, and shared library loads, and integration with IDEs (VS Code, Eclipse, CLion, and Emacs GUD).