Astro

Astro is an open-source web framework created by Fred K Schott and the Astro team in 2021, designed for building content-rich websites including blogs, documentation sites, marketing pages, portfolios, and e-commerce storefronts with a focus on shipping zero JavaScript by default, using island architecture to selectively hydrate only interactive components while rendering the rest of the page as static HTML, resulting in some of the fastest-loading websites on the internet with near-perfect Lighthouse performance scores, adopted by companies including IBM, Cloudflare, NordVPN, and The Guardian for production websites. The island architecture enables developers to build pages that are mostly static HTML with isolated interactive widgets called islands that load JavaScript only when needed, dramatically reducing the JavaScript payload compared to single-page application approaches, with islands automatically deferring non-critical JavaScript until after the initial page render or when the component scrolls into view, ensuring instant page loads and smooth interactivity. The framework-agnostic component model allows importing and rendering components from React, Vue, Svelte, Solid, Preact, Lit, and vanilla JavaScript within the same project, enabling teams to use their preferred UI framework without committing to a single ecosystem, with each component rendered to static HTML at build time and optionally hydrated on the client. The content collections feature provides type-safe markdown and MDX processing with frontmatter validation, automatic type generation, and query APIs. The partial hydration modes include client load, client visible, client idle, and client media for precise control over when JavaScript loads. The view transitions API provides native browser animations between pages. The integration ecosystem supports CMS connections, image optimization, and deployment adapters. Designed for web developers building content-focused, performance-critical websites.